Showing posts sorted by relevance for query SF. Sort by date Show all posts
Showing posts sorted by relevance for query SF. Sort by date Show all posts

Common Boneset (Eupatorium perfoliatum)




















Common Boneset (Eupatorium perfoliatum)

Boneset thrives in the margins of wetlands and woodland edges. This native perennial, common across Wisconsin, grows to about four feet tall and bears clusters of small, white, tubular flowers that bloom in late summer, arranged in flat-topped arrays at the tips of its stems. Its leaves grow in opposite pairs, their finely toothed edges and joined bases forming a green collar around the stem. Lower down, the leaves broaden—reaching up to eight inches long and two inches wide. It grows in full sun to partial shade. 

Though modest in appearance, boneset is a lifeline for late-season pollinators. Bees and butterflies gather at its nectar-rich blooms. Goldfinches and swamp sparrows feed on its seeds, while the foliage nourishes caterpillars of several moth species. It thrives not only in wetlands and woodland edges, but also in marshes, swales, and along streams. With fibrous roots and rhizomes that allow it to form small colonies, boneset helps stabilize soil and anchor damp habitats. 

Sources:

UW–Madison Herbarium — Boneset 

Illinois Wildflowers — Boneset 

Minnesota Wildflowers — Boneset 

Prairie Moon Nursery — Boneset

USDA Plants Database — Boneset

(SF)




Virgin’s Bower (Clematis virginiana)


 



































Virgin’s Bower  (Clematis virginiana)

Virgin’s bower is a vigorous native vine that plays an important role in Wisconsin’s moist woodlands and streamside habitats. Its fragrant late-summer blooms support bees, butterflies, and other pollinators when few other natives are flowering, while its dense foliage offers nesting cover for songbirds and erosion control along banks. Though its foliage is avoided by mammals, such as deer and rabbits, its adaptability and fast growth make it a valuable addition to restoration projects, especially when paired with other moisture-loving natives.

It can grow up to 20 feet tall. Its small, white, and fragrant flowers are about 1/2 inch across, featuring four petal-like sepals that are slightly hairy on the upper surface and more densely so on the lower. The leaves are compound, typically in groups of three leaflets, with each leaflet reaching up to 4 inches long and 3 inches wide. These leaflets are often shallowly lobed or cleft, with coarsely toothed edges, sharply pointed tips, and a rounded to heart-shaped base.

Sources: 

Flora of North America — Authoritative species treatment

Illinois Wildflowers — Habitat notes and flower size

Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center — Distribution and morphology

(SF)


Sweet Joe-Pye Weed (Eutrochium purpureum)









































Sweet Joe-Pye Weed (Eutrochium purpureum)

Sweet Joe Pye weed is a native perennial that plays an important ecological role in moist meadows, woodland edges, and riparian zones across eastern and central North America. Its rich pink-purple flower clusters bloom from mid-summer to early fall, offering a critical nectar source for long-tongued bees, butterflies, skippers, and moths. Birds and small mammals feed on its seeds, while its fibrous roots help stabilize soil along streambanks and wetland margins. Because it thrives in moist, partially shaded habitats and tolerates clay soils, sweet Joe-Pye weed is a valuable addition to restoration projects and pollinator gardens, especially where biodiversity is a priority.

This erect, clump-forming plant typically grows 5 to 7 feet tall. Its domed flower heads emit a soft vanilla scent, echoed in its lance-shaped, toothed leaves, which release the same fragrance when bruised. The stems are green with distinctive purple nodes, adding visual interest to its upright form. Sweet Joe-Pye weed prefers full sun to partial shade and moist, well-drained soils. While it tolerates wet and clay conditions, it struggles in dry environments. Its presence signals healthy, diverse ecosystems.

Sourrces:

Prairie Moon Nursery — Eutrochium purpureum (Sweet Joe‑Pye Weed)

Wisconsin State Herbarium — Eutrochium purpureum species account

Flora of North America — Eutrochium purpureum treatment

USDA PLANTS Database — Eutrochium purpureum profile

Illinois Wildflowers — Sweet Joe‑Pye Weed


(SF)


     

False Indian Plantain (Hasteola suaveolens)






















 















False Indian Plantain (Hasteola suaveolens)

False Indian plantain is still listed by its former scientific name, Senecio suaveolens, on BONAP maps. It is listed as native, though rare, in Wisconsin. 

Ecologically, False Indian Plantain plays an important role in wetland and riparian systems. Its late-summer blooms offer nectar to a range of pollinators, including native bees, flies, and butterflies, at a time when few other tall wetland forbs are flowering. The plant’s robust root system helps stabilize soil along floodplains and wet meadows, reducing erosion and supporting water filtration. As a member of the Asteraceae family, it contributes to the structural diversity of native plant communities, offering vertical habitat for insects and shelter for small amphibians.

False Indian Plantain can grow up to five feet tall. It produces clusters of small, creamy white to pale yellow flowers, arranged in flat top clusters. Each flower is about 1/3 inch wide. The leaves are spearhead-shaped and have serrated edges. The leaves are hairless and have a distinctive shape that makes them easy to identify. They can grow four to 10 inches long and two to six inches wide. False Indian Plantain prefers moist to wet soil conditions and is commonly found along riverbanks, floodplain forests, wet meadows and the edges of marshes. It thrives in full sun to light shade. (SF)

Anise Hyssop (Agastache foeniculum)



 




































Anise Hyssop (Agastache foeniculum) 

Anise hyssop is a fragrant, perennial wildflower native to Wisconsin, sought after by both gardeners and pollinators. Standing two to four feet tall, it features dense, upright spikes of soft blue to lavender flowers—each spike measuring one to three inches long and composed of tightly packed, quarter-inch blossoms. These blooms are a magnet for native bees, including bumblebees, mining bees, leaf cutter bees, and sweat bees, as well as butterflies like the Eastern tiger swallowtail. Hummingbirds are also frequent visitors, drawn by the nectar-rich flowers.

Its leaves are lance-shaped, toothed, and opposite on the square stem, ranging from two to three inches long and attached by short petioles. When crushed, the foliage releases a sweet, licorice-like scent that hints at its name and herbal history. Anise hyssop thrives in dry to medium soils and tolerates both sun and partial shade, making it versatile across habitats—from open prairies to the dappled understory of deciduous woodlands.

Sources:

University of Wisconsin–Madison Herbarium — Agastache foeniculum species account 

 USDA NRCS Plants Database — Agastache foeniculum profile 

 Minnesota Wildflowers — Agastache foeniculum (Anise Hyssop) 

 Illinois Wildflowers — Anise Hyssop (Agastache foeniculum) 

 Prairie Moon Nursery — Agastache foeniculum species description

(SF)

Cup Plant (Silphium perfoliatum)














Cup Plant (Silphium perfoliatum) 

Cup plant is a strong supporter of prairie biodiversity. Its water-holding leaf cups and seeds draw in birds, while its abundant nectar and pollen support a wide array of native bees, butterflies, and beetles. The plant’s sturdy stems and late-season blooms provide critical structure and forage in restored prairies, wetlands, and riparian buffers. As a deep-rooted perennial, it also contributes to soil stabilization and carbon sequestration, making it a valuable ally in ecological restoration and climate resilience.

Cup plant is a native of eastern North America, including Wisconsin. It usually grows six to eight feet tall, bearing numerous two to three-inch, yellow flowers. Each flower head has 20 to 30 yellow rays and darker yellow disks. Leaves often more than ten inches long are joined at the stem to form a small cup. Cup plant thrives in moist, well‑drained soils along prairie edges, stream corridors, and floodplain openings, doing best in full sun but tolerating partial shade.

Sources: 

Prairie Moon Nursery — Silphium perfoliatum

USDA PLANTS Database — Silphium perfoliatum

Flora of North America — Silphium perfoliatum

Illinois Wildflowers — Cup Plant

Wisconsin State Herbarium — Silphium perfoliatum

(SF)

White Snakeroot (Ageratina altisima)




White Snakeroot (Ageratina altissima) 

White snakeroot often gets mistaken for an invasive plant in south‑central Wisconsin simply because it shows up everywhere. By late summer it fills woodland edges, thickets, bike paths, and shaded roadside margins with bright white flower clusters. When a plant appears in every half‑lit corner, especially in places people associate with weeds, it’s easy to assume it doesn’t belong. In reality, white snakeroot is a native species doing the work of a woodland edge plant—occupying disturbed ground, feeding late‑season insects, and holding soil on slopes and banks. White snakeroot’s dense late‑season cover can also slow the spread of small invasive forbs such as garlic mustard, creeping bellflower, dame’s rocket, and narrowleaf plantain by shading the soil and reducing the open patches those species rely on, though it cannot compete with aggressive woody invasives like buckthorn or honeysuckle.

White snakeroot (Ageratina altissima), also known as richweed or white sanicle, is a perennial herb native to eastern and central North America. It attracts a wide range of pollinators, including bees, butterflies, and moths. The plant contains tremetol, a toxic compound that can poison livestock and humans if ingested, historically causing “milk sickness” in people who drank milk from cows that had eaten the plant. Although it has a history in traditional medicine, such uses are not recommended because of its poisonous nature.

The plant grows up to three feet tall and produces small fuzzy white flower heads made entirely of disk flowers. Its leaves are opposite along the stem, two to six inches long, with serrated edges and pointed tips. White snakeroot prefers shaded woodlands and edges with moderately moist to dry soils, thriving in rich, rocky, or disturbed habitats where it can take advantage of partial shade and open ground.

Sources:

Illinois Wildflowers — White Snakeroot

USDA Plants Database — Ageratina altissima Profile

Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center — Ageratina altissima Species Details

Wisconsin State Herbarium — Ageratina altissima Collection Notes

Minnesota Wildflowers — White Snakeroot

(SF)

Flat-top Aster (Doellingeria umbellata)







































Flat-top Aster (Doellingeria umbellata)      

Flat-top aster (Doellingeria umbellata) typically grows two to five feet tall, forming upright clumps that broaden slowly but usually stay within one to two feet across. Its small, daisy-like flowers are white with yellow centers, each about 1/2 to 3/4 inch across, arranged in flat-topped clusters at the tops of the stems. The leaves are three to six inches long and 1/2 to 1 inch wide, lanceolate-elliptic, with smooth margins, a medium to dark green upper surface, and a pale green to whitish underside. Flat-top aster thrives in full sun to partial shade and prefers moist to wet soils. It is commonly found in wet sand prairies, damp thickets, wet meadows, and along the borders of swamps. It grows well in slightly acidic, sandy loam soils and tolerates a range of moisture conditions as long as the site remains consistently damp.

Sources:

Flora of North America – Doellingeria umbellata

Wisconsin State Herbarium – Doellingeria umbellata

USDA Plants Database – Doellingeria umbellata

Prairie Moon Nursery – Flat-top Aster

Illinois Wildflowers – Flat-topped White Aster

(SF)


Sawtooth Sunflower (Helianthus grosseserratus)





































Sawtooth Sunflower (Helianthus grosseserratus) 

Sawtooth sunflower is a tall, native perennial common in prairies, meadows, and open roadsides. In good sun and moderately drained soils it can reach eight to twelve feet, rising on smooth stems that often show reddish or purplish tones. The flower heads are bright yellow and daisy-like, usually two and a half to four inches across, with ten to twenty rays surrounding a flat to gently domed disk of small tubular florets. These heads form loose clusters at the ends of branching stems late in summer.

The leaves are long and lance-shaped, typically four to twelve inches long and one to four inches wide. Lower leaves are mostly opposite; upper leaves shift to alternate. The upper surface is medium to dark green and rough, while the underside is paler and softly hairy. The margins are sharply toothed, giving the plant its common name. Sawtooth sunflower favors full sun and open ground, and its height and late-season bloom make it a strong contributor to pollinator activity in tall grass habitats.

Sources:

Illinois Wildflowers

USDA Plants Profile

Flora of North America

Minnesota Wildflowers

(SF)

      

Rabbit Tobacco (Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium)






































Rabbit Tobacco/Sweet Everlasting (Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium)

On shaded limestone cliff-faces in Wisconsin—especially those facing south or east—Rabbit Tobacco anchors itself in ledges and crevices, where its cliff-dwelling forms, sometimes classified as Pseudognaphalium saxicola, manage to survive. These populations stabilize fragile substrates and offer nectar to late-season pollinators, making this native wildflower an important contributor to the life of the ledge. Elsewhere, Rabbit Tobacco thrives on roadsides, slopes, and waste places, growing up to three feet tall. It bears branching clusters of white tubular flower heads and narrow, elliptical leaves with a distinctive maple scent when crushed. The silvery-green leaves, up to three inches long and less than an inch wide, form a woolly rosette at the base, while alternate leaves ascend the stem. The upper leaf surface is green with sparse hairs; the underside is densely covered in woolly fuzz. 

Sources:

University of Wisconsin–Madison Herbarium — Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium species account 
 
USDA NRCS Plants Database — Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium profile 

 Minnesota Wildflowers — Rabbit Tobacco (Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium) 

 Illinois Wildflowers — Sweet Everlasting / Rabbit Tobacco 

 Flora of North America — Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium

(SF)

Spotted Joe-Pye Weed (Eutrochium maculatum)

    

Spotted Joe-Pye Weed (Eutrochium maculatum) 

Spotted Joe-Pye weed plays an important ecological role in wetland and meadow ecosystems across much of North America. Blooming in late summer when many other nectar sources have faded, it becomes a magnet for pollinators—especially monarchs, swallowtails, skippers, and long-tongued bees. Its nectar-rich flowers support adult insects, while its foliage and stems host the caterpillars of moths like the Eupatorium borer and ruby tiger. The seeds are eaten by birds such as the swamp sparrow, and its dense growth offers shelter to small mammals and beneficial predatory insects. By stabilizing soil in moist areas and contributing to biodiversity, Spotted Joe-Pye weed helps maintain the health and resilience of native plant communities.

Spotted Joe-Pye weed is a native, perennial wildflower with branched flower stalks at the top of an unbranched stem. It grows three to six feet tall. The flowers come in flat-headed clusters and can be pink or purple. The main stem is purple or purple-spotted, stout and round, often covered with fine hairs. Whorls of four or five yellowish green leaves can be found along the central stem. Leaves are ovate, up to eight inches long and 2-1/2 inches wide. It likes sun or part shade and moist to wet soil. It grows in meadows and along roads and streams. (SF)

     
               


Zigzag Goldenrod (Solidago flexicaulis)







































Zigzag Goldenrod (Solidago flexicaulis) 

Zigzag goldenrod is one of the few late‑season plants that keeps energy moving through a shaded forest when most other species have shut down. By early fall, the spring ephemerals are long gone, midsummer woodland flowers have faded, and canopy shade has deepened. Solidago flexicaulis steps into that gap with a supply of nectar and pollen that supports the last active insects before cold weather.

The plant’s structure helps it function in low light. Broad leaves capture what little sun reaches the understory, and the zigzag pattern of the stem positions each leaf to avoid shading the one below it. This arrangement increases photosynthetic efficiency in dim conditions and allows the plant to allocate resources to late‑season flowering. Short rhizomes let it form modest colonies, creating clusters of blooms that are easier for insects to locate in a visually muted forest.

Its flowers drive several ecological processes. Bumblebees, sweat bees, and mining bees use the nectar to build fat reserves that help them survive winter or complete their final brood cycles. Syrphid flies and small wasps visit for both nectar and pollen, and in doing so they move pollen between plants and help maintain genetic diversity within the colony. These insects also provide pest‑control services elsewhere in the forest, feeding on aphids, soft‑bodied larvae, and other herbivores that would otherwise increase late in the season.

Zigzag goldenrod also supports the woodland food web indirectly. By sustaining insects into fall, it keeps prey available for spiders, birds, and small mammals that rely on late‑season protein. The plant’s seeds, though small, contribute to the winter diet of ground‑feeding birds and rodents. When stems die back, their decay adds organic matter to the forest floor, feeding fungi and soil invertebrates that recycle nutrients for the next growing season.

In a forest where most flowering plants finish early, zigzag goldenrod extends the period of active pollination and keeps energy flowing through the understory. Its presence shapes how insects overwinter, how predators find food, and how nutrients return to the soil. It’s an important part of how deciduous woods function in late summer and fall. 

Sources: 

USDA NRCS PLANTS Database – Solidago flexicaulis 

Flora of North America – Solidago flexicaulis 

Wisconsin State Herbarium – Solidago flexicaulis species account 

Minnesota Wildflowers – Zigzag Goldenrod (Solidago flexicaulis) 

Illinois Wildflowers – Zigzag Goldenrod 

Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center – Solidago flexicaulis profile 

Prairie Moon Nursery – Solidago flexicaulis 

BugGuide – Pollinator and insect associations for woodland goldenrods

 (SF)

Tall Boneset (Eupatorium altissimum)


 





































Tall Boneset (Eupatorium altissimum)    

Tall boneset is a perennial plant that typically grows two to six feet tall, forming upright clumps that broaden slowly but usually stay within one to two feet across. Its small, star-shaped flowers are about 1/8 inch across, dull white, and form large, flat-topped clusters that can reach up to eight inches wide. The leaves are lanceolate and opposite, generally two to six inches long and about an inch wide. They may have shallow teeth along the margins and are often covered with fine hairs, giving them a slightly rough texture. Tall boneset thrives in dry upland prairies, open woods, thickets, clearings, and fields throughout eastern and central North America. It prefers dry to medium-moisture, well-drained soils and is frequently found in disturbed areas, where it can form loose colonies over time.

Sources:

Flora of North America – Eupatorium altissimum

Wisconsin State Herbarium – Eupatorium altissimum

USDA Plants Database – Eupatorium altissimum

Illinois Wildflowers – Tall Boneset

Kansas Wildflowers and Grasses – Tall Boneset

(SF)


Field Thistle (Cirsium discolor)

 


Field Thistle  (Cirsium discolor)

Field thistle is a native biennial of eastern and central North America, including Wisconsin. It typically stands three to seven feet tall on upright, hairy stems that may branch near the top. The flower heads are one and a half to two inches across, composed entirely of tubular disc florets in soft pink to lavender, occasionally white. Each head sits in a bracted, fish‑scale‑like cup tipped with bent spines. The leaves are deeply lobed and spiny, up to nine inches long and three inches wide, with a distinctive white underside from dense hairs. Stems are hairy but not spiny.

Field thistle is often mistaken for aggressive non‑native thistles such as Cirsium vulgare, but its behavior is entirely different. It grows in open, sunny habitats—moist to dry prairies, pastures, savannas, roadsides, and forest edges—without overwhelming its neighbors. It reseeds readily, helping stabilize disturbed soils and supporting restoration in fragmented landscapes.

Ecologically, field thistle is one of the most generous native thistles. Its late‑season blooms draw bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds. Goldfinches rely on its seeds and use its silky down to line their nests. Painted lady butterflies lay eggs on the plant, and their caterpillars feed on its leaves. In native gardens and prairie remnants, field thistle offers both beauty and function, quietly supporting a wide community of insects and birds.

Sources:

Flora of North America – Cirsium discolor

USDA Plants Database – Cirsium discolor

Illinois Wildflowers – Field Thistle

Minnesota Wildflowers – Field 

(SF)

Cream Gentian (Gentiana alba)










































Cream Gentian  (Gentiana alba) 

Photo by Judith Kozminski

Cream Gentian usually reaches one to two feet in height, occasionally a bit taller in rich black‑soil prairie ground. The flowers are tubular, about an inch to an inch and a half long and roughly three‑quarters of an inch across. They are white to greenish‑white, sometimes yellowish‑white, with five pointed tips that stand erect at the mouth of the corolla.

The leaves are opposite and strongly clasp the stem. They are ovate to broadly lanceolate, sometimes nearly elliptic, and generally one to three inches long. The margins are smooth. A prominent midvein runs the length of each leaf, with two secondary veins that curve toward the margins.

Cream Gentian is most common in mesic to slightly dry prairies, including black‑soil prairies, and in open savannas. It also occurs in sandy oak openings, limestone glades, and rocky uplands. It grows in full sun to light shade and favors moist to average soils rather than consistently wet ground.

Sources:

Illinois Wildflowers 

Flora of North America

USDA Plants Database

Prairie Moon Nursery

(SF) 

     

      

Canadian Goldenrod (Solidago canadensis)























Canadian Goldenrod (Solidago canadensis)

Canadian goldenrod is a herbaceous perennial that usually grows two to five feet tall, sometimes reaching six feet in richer soils or sheltered edges. The stems are erect and generally hairy, though the lower portions can be less so. Even with those hairs, the stem feels smooth in the hand. When you run your fingers upward, it has a firm, even surface rather than the gritty drag found on tall goldenrod. The upper leaf surface behaves the same way. It may be a little rough from short hairs, but it isn’t abrasive. That smooth‑to‑lightly‑textured feel is one of the most reliable cues for Canada goldenrod in southern Wisconsin, holding steady across subspecies, soil types, and weather.

The flowering panicles are large, plume‑like, and often more than five inches long. Small yellow flower heads line the arching branches, giving the plant its familiar sweeping shape. Bloom time runs from late summer into early fall, and the species draws a wide range of pollinators — native bees, butterflies, beetles, and wasps.

Leaves are alternate, lanceolate to narrowly lanceolate, typically three to six inches long and up to an inch wide. Margins are sharply serrated. The upper surface is usually roughened by short hairs, while the underside is paler and may be sparsely hairy. Leaf hairiness varies among subspecies, which explains why some guides describe the underside differently. Even so, the tactile cue remains consistent: the leaves feel firm but not gritty.

Canadian goldenrod grows in many soil types but is most common in medium‑texture soils with moderate organic matter. It thrives in full sun and tolerates mesic to moderately dry conditions. You’ll find it in prairies, old fields, roadsides, rail corridors, and open meadows. It does occur along waterways, but it is not a species of consistently wet ground — that role belongs more to Solidago gigantea.


Sources:

Illinois Wildflowers – Solidago canadensis

Flora of North America – Solidago canadensis

USDA Plants Database – Solidago canadensis

Minnesota Wildflowers – Canada Goldenrod

(SF)

Thinleaf Sunflower (Helianthus decapetalus)























Thinleaf  Sunflower (Helianthus decapetalus)

Thinleaf sunflower (Helianthus decapetalus) is a native perennial of eastern and central North America, including Wisconsin. It usually grows three to six feet tall and often forms loose colonies through its rhizomes. The bright yellow flower heads are two to three inches across, each with eight to twelve rays around a brownish central disk. They appear in open clusters from late summer into early fall and draw a wide mix of pollinators.

The leaves are thin‑textured, lanceolate to ovate, and rough to the touch. They range from three to six inches long and one to three inches wide. Upper leaves are mostly opposite; lower leaves may shift to alternate. Stems are slender, smooth or lightly hairy, and branch near the top. Thinleaf sunflower favors partial shade to dappled sun and grows best in moist, well‑drained soils along woodland edges, thickets, and shaded slopes. Its late‑season bloom and colony‑forming habit make it a steady contributor to pollinator support in naturalistic plantings and restoration work.

Sources:

Flora of North America – Helianthus decapetalus

USDA Plants Database – Helianthus decapetalus

Illinois Wildflowers – Thinleaf Sunflower

Minnesota Wildflowers – Helianthus decapetalus


(SF)

Large-leaved Aster (Eurybia macrophylla)

    
                

       

 


     































Large-leaved Aster (Eurybia macrophylla)

Large‑leaved aster is a dependable late‑season wildflower in Wisconsin’s woodlands, offering nectar and pollen when few other plants remain. Its broad basal leaves create cool, shaded pockets that shelter invertebrates and help retain moisture, and its rhizomes allow it to hold ground in the forest understory. As a host plant for the pearl crescent butterfly, it supports caterpillars that become part of the woodland food web, linking insects and birds in quiet but steady ways.

Botanically, large‑leaved aster is a native perennial that grows two to three feet tall. Its pale violet to white flowers appear in loose clusters above the forest floor, contrasting with the plant’s four‑ to eight‑inch heart‑shaped basal leaves. Smaller, stalkless, lance‑shaped leaves line the stem. It thrives in open woodlands and woodland openings, preferring dry‑mesic to mesic soils. Both ecologically and aesthetically, it’s a plant that rewards close attention and fits naturally into restoration and outreach.

Sources:

Prairie Moon NurseryEurybia macrophylla (Large‑leaved Aster)    

Wisconsin State HerbariumEurybia macrophylla species account 

 Flora of North AmericaEurybia macrophylla treatment 

 USDA PLANTS DatabaseEurybia macrophylla profile 

 Illinois WildflowersLarge‑leaved Aster


(SF)  


Slender Mountain Mint (Pycnanthemum tenuifolium)







































Slender Mountain Mint (Pycnanthemum tenuifolium) 

Slender mountain mint, native to eastern and central United States, offers exceptional ecological benefits, especially in prairie restorations and pollinator gardens. Its dense clusters of nectar-rich flowers support a wide diversity of native bees, butterflies, and beneficial flies, making it a very beneficial species for midsummer to fall forage. It spreads modestly by rhizomes, while its aromatic foliage deters browsing by deer and rabbits—allowing it to persist in challenging sites. 

Slender mountain mint typically grows to a height of 2 to 3 feet. Its small, white flowers, often dotted with purple spots, are about 1/4 inch long and bloom in dense, terminal clusters. The leaves are very narrow and almost needle-like, up to 3 inches long and about 1/4 inch wide. They are opposite, linear, and hairless, with a prominent central vein and smooth margins. Slender mountain mint is adaptable and occurs in dry, open rocky woods, dry prairies, fields, roadsides, and the drier margins of stream corridors, as well as seasonally moist thickets. It prefers full sun to part shade and grows well in dry to medium soils.

Sources: 

Flora of North America — Pycnanthemum tenuifolium

USDA Plants Database — Pycnanthemum tenuifolium profile

Illinois Wildflowers — Slender Mountain Mint

Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center — Pycnanthemum tenuifolium

Missouri Botanical Garden — Pycnanthemum tenuifolium plant details

 (SF)